This calumet pipe was smoked to ratify various treaties entered into by this Sioux band, including the Fort Laramie Treaty of 1851 and 1868, held in Wyoming Territory. 

During World War II, the Nazi government raided and took museum collections so Hitler could have the largest Indian collection in the world.  After the war, some museums had artifacts returned.

The societies of the Sioux are many such as the badger, owl, crow, brave heart and white horse.  These did most of the governing of the tribe. 

It was common to honor the four directions by placing a quilled or beaded rosette to the four compass points on a tipi cover. 

Spotted Tail was chief of the Brule Sioux, whose people now live on the Rosebud reservation. 

This fully-beaded work and medicine bag belonged to Two Elk from Pine Ridge on the Sioux Reservation in South Dakota.

This signed pipe of Sitting Bull was obtained through Bone Club (Tomahawk), who lived near Wakpala on the Standing Rock Reservation…

A Lakota woman wore tools needed daily inside beaded or porcupine-quilled leather cases attached to her belt. 

The following are pictures of horse quillwork.

On March 14, 1887, a sandstone slab with a message was found by an old Indian…